The Decatur Daily Review from Decatur, Illinois • Page 3

Saturday, August 11, 1943. PAGE THREE THE DECATUR REVIEW CELEBRATIONS IN LONDON, NEW Counter Offer 1 "'Wrf 1 I Full Text of Reply to Japan Document Handed to Swiss Charge D' Affaires "The Emperor will be required to authorize and ensure the signature by the government of Japan and the Japanese imperial general headquarters of the surrender terms necessary to carry out the provisions of the Potsdam declaration, and shall issue his commands to all the Japanese military, naval and air authorities and to all of the forees under their control wherever located to cease active operations and to surrender their arms, and to issue such other orders as the supreme commander may require to give effect to the surrender terms. "Immediately upon the surrender the Japanese government shall transport prisoners of war and civilian internees to places of safety, as directed, where they can -quickly be placed aboard Allied transports. ultimate form of government of Japan shall, in accordance with the Potsdam declaration, be established by the freely expressed will of the Japanese people. "The armed forces of the Allied powers will remain in Japan until the purposes set forth in the Potsdam declaration are achieved.

"Accept, sir, the renewed assurances of my highest consideration, James F. Byrnes, Secretary of State." -Hst) A-n in) i 'l i Ti 17,1 1 .9 AdJ A GIs sing and cheer as they carry a flag down Piccadilly New Yorkers wade through scraps of paper and dress material today on Seventh Ave- Filipinos swarm through streets of Manila Aug. 10 waving their arms and holding high newspapers with the banner headlines of "Japan sur I i-" ill I ft YORK, MANILA radio surrender bid." (AP Wirephoto) pan is seeking peace. (AP Wirephoto) Most of World Expects Peace By the Associated Press A spirit of celebration" swept through the Allied world at news of the Japanese offer to surrender as the governments of the United States, Britain, Soviet Russia and China weighed the bid of Emperor Hirohito to remain sovereign over a defeated Japan. The news of the surrender offer was greeted with joyous celebration in London and in Chungking.

While Americans remained relatively calm, waiting for official r.d of Japanese capitulation, crowds in London's Picadilly Circus celebrated an unofficial V-J day. Homesick American GI's chanted "Home Sweet Home," and shouted. "This saves us from the Pacific." A statement from No. 10 Downing street asked workers in essential services to remain on their jobs during the "holiday when hostilities with Japan cease," and declared, "two working days immediately following the announcement should be regarded as days of paid holiday." In Chungking Free China's eight years of suffering in war with Japan exploded in a roar of joy when the news official or not came that the "dwarf devils" had surrendered. Undulant masses of cheering Chinese, with a sprinkling of American GI's, jam-packed the narrow streets.

Moscow broadcasts said the Soviet capital was preparing for a great military parade tomorrow, but there was no indication whether tnis had any connection with the peace proposal. Paris generally took the news with relative calm, although American and British troops in the city celebrated. One group linked arms the width of the Boulevard Capu-cines, several ranks deep, and marched through the city, singing and shouting. Marines Take 5 More Marianas Guam, Aug. 11 (AP) The Marines have taken over five more Marianas islands after killing 16 Japanese and capturing five, the navy announced today.

The American flag was raised and military rule established on the islands of Agrihan, Saragan, Asuncion, Alamagan and Maug by three marine companies. They are all in a line airectly north of Saipan. American losses were one dead and one wounded, resulting from Japanese resistance on Maug and Sarigan. Army Units in U. S.

Ports and Sailing Today By the Associated Prest The 119th regiment of the 30th Infantry division is scheduled to sail today from Lei Havre. The following army uniU re scheduled to arrive today from Europe: NEW YORK (Aboard Queen Elizabeth) Headquarters 4fl2nd Bomber group, heavy: 406th, 856th, 857th and 858th Bomber squadron, heavy; Headquarter 4th Bomber squadron, heavy. and 7th Bomber squadron; loth, and 391st Bomber squadrons; Headquarters 95th Bomber group heavy; 334th, 335th, 336th, and 412th Bomber squadrons; 385th Bomber group heavy; 548th, 549th, 550th, 551st Bomber squadrons: Headquarters 388th and 390th Bomber group; 561st 562nd, 563rd B-mber squadrons, heavy; 390th Bomber group; 568th, 569th, 570th, 571st, 728th. 729th, 730th, 731st. 860th, 861st 862nd.

and 863rd Bomber squadrons; Headquarter 493rd Bomber group, 13th Bomber wing, 20th and 96th Bomber wing, heavy; Also, Headquarters and Head quarters squadron, 31st Air depot group; 89th Depot Repair squad-ron; 93rd Depot Supply squadron; 094th Signal company dept aviation; 983rd Military Police m-pany aviation; 31st Medical Sup ply platoon aviation; 2077th Quar- 904th Signal company depot avia tion; 478th Quartermaster platoon; 12th and 13th Veterinary section aviation; 1929th Ordnance ammunition company aviation; 1960th Ordnance depot company; 879th Signal company; 182nd Medical dispensary aviation; 87th Trans portation squadron, cargo and maintenance; elements of 388th Signal company aviation; 2032nd and 2085th Quartermaster truck companies aviation; 356th Airdrome squadron special; 2001st Ordnance maintenance company air force; 822nd Ordnance base depot company. Advance detachments and ele ments of 34th, 106th. 117th, 123rd. 135th, 160th, 162nd. 163rd.

and 192nd General hospitals; 551st Army Postal unit; 114th, 115th, 116th, 261st and 264th Finance Disbursement sections. (Aboard Brandon Victory) 1020th Engineer treadway bridge company of 354th Engineer general service regiment; 3258th Engineer powerline maintenance detachment; 122nd Chemical processing company; 61st Field Artillery battalion. (Aboard Nicholas Gilman) 80th and 86th Troop Carrier squadrons. AT BOSTON (Aboard James J. Hill) 847th Air Engineer squadron; 990th medical hospital ship platoon; 670th and 671st Air Materiel squadrons; (Aboard Henry Ward Beecher) 354th, 355th Airdrome squadrons.

The following army units ar rived in the United States Friday: AT NEW YORK (Aboard Ma rine Fox) 85th Infantry regiment of the Tenth Mountain division and advance detachments of 51st Signal operating battalion. (Aboard Luther Martin) Infantry reorganized detachment (Aboard Samuel Livermore) de tachments of headquarters and headquarters squadron ninth air force advance depot area command No. 1, and 552nd bomber squadron. (Aboard George W. Mc-Crary) headquarters and base service squadron of 498th air service group.

(Aboard Joseph W. Gale) elements of ninth advance air depot area command. AT BOSTON (Aboard John Harvard) 849th and 850th air engineer squadrons. AT HAMPTON ROADS. Va.

(Aboard La Grand Victory) head quarters and headquarters company and also medical section and companies of 86th division infantry regiment: also 10th Mountain division anti-t ink battalion, headquarters and companies and 10th Mountain medical battalion, headquarters, and veterinary companies. $3,620,000 Earned by POWs in Seven Months Fort Sheridan, HL, Aug. 11 (AP) German prisoners of war working in Wisconsin. Illinois, and Michigan performed jobs valued at about $3,620,000 during the first seven months of this year. Fort Sheridan officials said today.

Of the total, approximately represented sums paid Into the United States Treasury by civilians using prisoner of war labor where civilian labor was not available. The work was done at 47 branch camps under supervision of Fort Sheridan and at Glenview, 111, naval air station. Fort Sheridan, four military installations in Chicago, and Billy Mitchell Field, Milwaukee. BOY KILLED BY TRUCK Marion, I1L, Aug. 11 (AP) Gene, the 14-year-old son of Mr.

and Mrs. Sam Black of Goreville, was fatally injured yesterday when struck by a truck. THE DECATUR REVIEW Decatur Newipapcn. lze. 361-36S North Main StrMt Decatur 60.

'lllnola Evening Except Sundaj tnd Holiday Enterea mi aecond-claaa matter October 17. 1831 at the peat office at Decatur. Illinois under the Act of March 3, l79. The Associated Preu la exclusively en-UUed to all un not otberwlM credited. East and West RussianArmies 550MilesApart Moscow, Aug.

11 (AP) Only 550 miles separated the tip ot two huge Red army columns striking from west and east across the heart of Man-(turia today. Smashing forward along the jjis 6f the Chinese Eastern Railway which cuts across the counts from southeast to northwest, Russians were threatening to wt off all tne Japanese troops north of that communications art-try in the swiftest conquest ever witnessed in that ancient battle-round of East Asia. Ko abatement in the furious drive by tanks, cavalry and infantry marked the peace offers from' Tokyo. Xte tip of the western pincer, which tore ahead for 106 miles Ttsterday. approached Putela Pais.

4.000-foot passage thrugh great Kingan range, after capturing the highly important railway town and base of Hulun (Hailar). This force was driving toward Harbin, in the center of the country. Eastern Line in Mountains The tip the eastern pincer jiged up the Wan mountains in the region of Muling, between Harbin and Vladivostok, the Russian base on the Sea of Japan. Jibing is "00 miles east of Harbin and 30 miles inside the Man-churian frontier. The western prong actually had two vanguards with the southern army moving south of Hulun and edging up to Khalinar Pass.

Moreover, the Mongolian people republic. Soviet Russia's protectorate in Outer Mongolia, had entered the war against Japan, and another operation loomed against the Japanese an invasion by famed Mongolian cavalry Bnitj down the historic caravan route from Ulan Bator through Inner Mongolia to Peiping. former capital of China. A Tass dispatch from the Amur river fleet gave the first detailed news of actual battle conditions. The sector was not revealed but the dispatch told of mass landings of navy men.

Japs Shout 'Don't Shoot "Japanese soldiers and officers, bowing the hopelessness of their positions." reported Correspondent Konstantin Dinamov. "shouted in Russian to Red Army-navy men 'Don't shoot, don't shoot. I'm surrendering." the Soviet troops approached the apparently surrendering Japanese, the dispatch said, the enemy rushed the Red Army-Navy fighters, hurling grenades, firing every kind of weapon ar.d even going into the attack with knives. A Tass dispatch from a correspondent with the Pacific fleet revealed that torpedo planes and bombers are in action against ports in the Japanese seas, starting large fires. Army Plans Cut Washington.

Aug. 11 (AP) The army has a V-J plan for demobilization, it was learned today. Details are top secret but informed sources figure on a reduction to three million men a jear after surrender. Informed sources speculated that in event of peace current demobilization will be stepped up, but that no wide-scale discharges will take Place until the Japanese homeland islands formerly Japanese-held have been occupied. In other words, the army will take no chances on the failure of any belligerent Japanese to comply with surrender.

A Japanese army of probably two million will liave to be disarmed in the Japanese home islands alone. Hasten Point Discharge In the meantime, it is probable fce army will make every effort to release promptly approximately 530.000 men eligible under the point ystem. Already it has mustered out 250.000 who built up 85 points "rough combat, long service and dependency. The army also is expected to a substantial cut in the critical point score so that possibly two Billion men in all will receive Pmt system discharges. This.

would leave a force of about fix million. If all goes well in the initial phases of occupying Japanese territory, informed sources believe half or more of that number uld be discharged within a year. Occupation Force The remainder would form the Kcupation forces in Germany and "Panese areas, man outpost gar-in Alaska and elsewhere, Jp the supply chain moving and provide a reserve in this country. Present, the occupation force in JfWrnany is fixed at four hundred usand and military experts esti-5te that it will take at least twice number to occupy Japan. The eventual size of the peace-ne army is still to be fixed by ingress.

Many factors, such as shipping uie physical limitations of dis-JSe centers, will affect the rate j. demobilization but some sources Jtimate that the army is now cap-e of handling about five hun- thousand discharges monthly. Continued from page 1 sumed at 6:45 o'clock this morning. "In response to a query, it can be 'said that the President is not in communication by telephone with the leaders of the other governments." As the President and Byrnes met, however, it was known that the Allied capitals were In instant contact. Byrnes to White House Byrnes went to the White House after studying the latest reports from abroad.

Senator Connally told reporters the allied proposal was "acceptable" to him although he said he did not know how it would be received generally in Congress. Congression al opinion has been sharply divided on the question of keeping an Emperor on the Throne. The Allied offer would permit the Japanese to "save face" by retaining their Emperor as nominal head of the government, as well as spiritual leader. The Japanese had said in a communication through the Swiss that their surrender offer was submitted "with the understanding that the said (Potsdam) declaration does not comprise any demand which prejudices the perogatives of his majesty as a sovereign ruler." See Advantages The question of retaining an Em peror on the throne naa oeen we principal point at issue in Big Four discussions since the Japanese pro posal first was received yesterday. Because the Emperor is the con stitutional head of the Japanese government, the Allies will be facilitated in dealing with that country if the terms are accepted.

Recognition of the fact that the Emperor is the head of the army and navy and solely responsible under the Japanese constitution for making peace was seen in that section of the Allied reply which said he will be "required to authorize and ensure the signature of the government of Japan and the Japa nese imperial headquarters of the surrender terms necessary to carry out the provisions of the Potsdam declaration." In line with the Potsdam declara tion, the four governments specified that the Japanese people must be permitted ultimately to choose their form of government The Allied demand for occupation of Japan presaged immediate movement of upwards of a million American troops into the Japanese home islands if the surrender terms are accepted. To Dismember Empire The reference made by the Allied powers to trie Potsdam ultimatum reaffirmed their proposals to dis member the Japanese empire. Under the terms of this declaration, Japan would lose all of the islands it has seized or occupied since the beginning of World war one in 1914. Manchuria would be returned to China. Korea in due course would become a free and independent state.

In their message offering sur render, the Japanese had expres sed hope that the understanding that the Emperor should remain "as a sovereign ruler" was warranted. They signified a wish that "an explicit indication to that ef fect will be speedily forthcom ing." The counter offer of the Allies did not give any assurance that the Emperor would be a "sovereign" ruler. It proposed, in effect, that the Allied supreme commander should be substituted for the Japanese military leaders who have actually directed the government of Japan through the Emperor. Observers said that if the Japanese accept the Allied proposal the supreme commander instead of the Japanese militarists will lay his orders before the Emperor for the latter's formal signature. It was 'made plain, however, that the Emperor himself will have nothing to do with policy making so long as the Allies retain control of the country.

Not Like German Occupation The reference in the Allied document to "the supreme commander of the Allied powers" indicated a plan for placing one military leader at the top of the Allied military set-up occupying Japan and directing its activities. This would differ from German occupation where an Allied con trol commission representing the five powers rules that country. There was immediate speculation that the supreme-commander in the case of Japan might be General Douglas MacArthur. There was no indication here immediately whether American officials believe the Japanese might accept the terms. If these terms are not acceptable, it is regarded as doubtful here that any further compromises will be forthcoming.

The Allied proposal thus took on, in speculation at least, the aspects of a final ultimatum. The communication to the Japanese was delivered to the Swiss legation by Woodruff Wallner, foreign service officer for the State department. London sources said some form of announcement was expected during the day. The British cabinet was standing by as Dr. Wellington Koo, Chinese ambassador to the court of St.

James, called on Foreign Secretary Ernest Bev in. Chinese Meeting Chungking reported that the Chinese Ministry of Information Washington, Aug. 11 (AP) Following is the text of the reply of Secretary of State Byrnes to' Max Grassli, charge d'affaires of the Swiss legation relative to the Japanese surrender proposal: "Sir: "I have the honor to acknowledge receipt of your note of Aug. 10, and in reply to inform you "that the President of. the; United States has directed me to send to you for transmission by your government to the Japanese government the following message on behalf of the governments of the United States, the United Kingdom, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and China: "With reply to the Japanese government's message accepting the terms of the Potsdam proclamation but containing the statement, "with the understanding that the said declaration does not comprise any demand which prejudices the prerogatives of his majesty as a sovereign ruler," our position is as follows: "From the moment of surrender the authority of the Emperor and the Japanese government to rule the state shall be subject, to the supreme commander of the Allied powers who will take such steps as he deems proper to effectuate the surrender terms.

had announced a meeting of the Supreme National Defense coun cil and the executive committee of the Kuomintang to consider the Japanese proposal. There are strong indications that the offer may be turned down because of the condition the Tokyo government attached that the Allies guarantee to retain Emperor Hirohito as the sovereign ruler of his wrecked, defeated nation. Pnding the joint decision, however, the possibility of acceptance was not foreclosed. The widespread expectation here is that the war with Japan will be over in a relatively few days that the Japanese, fully realizing their defeat, will surrender unconditionally in line with the terms of the Potsdam ultimatum if the Allies insist. Otherwise atomic bombing of their cities, now suspended, will be promptly resumed.

No Separate Decision Pesons close to Secretary of State Byrnes said steady progress was made in the four-cornered consultations undertaken yesterday by London, Washington, Chungking and Moscow, after the Japanese annouced they were suing for peace. It was said that no decision would be made by this government separate from the decision reached jointly with the other three powers. Secrecy covered the talks but there were signs of a strong trend against acceptance. Informed officials put heavy emphasis on (1) the July 26 Potsdam demand that the Japanese accept uncondi tional surrender without deviating from the terms then offered and (2) the generally accepted U. S.

attitude that the decision whether to leave Hirohito on the throne should not be made before Allied troops occupy Japan. Moscow Cool From the Moscow radio came a terse indication of Russia's reaction: "Unconditional surrender' means just that unconditional! u.i kju.nv nave been bitter against the Emperor throughout the war and have even demanded his trial as a war crim inal. British policy is understood to have favored retention of the throne as an institution in Japan, but that is not regarded here as barring British insistence on unconditional- surrender. Washington officials said the Al lies are determined to obtain guarantees that the surrendering government can make good the capitulation and disarming of its millions of troops not only in the home islands but also in Man churia, Korea, China, Southeast Asia and the Pacific islands they yet hold. With the probability of a Big Four reply to Tokyo, this week end promised to climax one of the most sensation-packed seven days in history.

WLB Permits Pay for Time Off on V-J Day Washington, Aug. 11 (AP) The War Labor board took steps today to help workers celebrate the day when victory over Japan comes. to numerous queries from employers, the WLB announced that workers could be released to join in V-J day celebrations without being docked their pay. This release, said the WLB, would allow employers to pay their workers at straight-time rates on earnings for the hours not worked without violating the wage stabili zation regulations. The board added that there must be an official declaration of V-J day.

Illinois Militia To Hold Maneuvers Springfield, Aug. 11 (AP) Twelve companies of Illinois reserve Militia will engage in field maneuvers tomorrow. Four units from Champaign, Urbana and Dan ville will drill near Tolono. Eight companies from Monmouth, Quincy. Macomb, Delavan, Galesburg and Bloomington will participate near Abingdon.

Circus, in London today following announcement' of Japanese nue in the city's garment district following the announcement by Tokyo radio that Ja- BP renders." as they celebrate reported Japanese fer to surrender to Allies. (AP Wirephoto from signal corps) gave Dian a hero's funeral, he added. Hero's Funeral 11 "His coffin could scarcely be seen under flowers which covered it. The wreaths were in such great number another carriage was needed to carry them." Lieutenant Dian's parents, James and Tessie Dian, live in Cicero. His sister lives in Chicago, and a brother, Lawrence, lives in Belmont, 111.

Lieutenant Dian had completed 108 missions and held the Air Medal with two bronze and one silver cluster and a campaign ribbon with one star. Attlee Has No Comment On Allied Acceptance London, Aug. 11 (AP) No. 10 Downing street withheld comment late today on the announcement in Washington of the conditional acceptance by the Allies of Japan's peace offer. Prime Minister Attlee left his office in mid-afternoon, presumably for his country home at Chequers.

Both his office and the foreign office said no statement was in sight William Couch Named Chicago Press Head Chicago, Aug. 11 (AP) William T. Couch, director of the North Carolina press, Chapel Hill. N. has been named director of the University of Chicago press, the university said today.

He will succeed Joseph A. Brandt, former president of the University of Oklahoma, who will become president of Henry Holt and New York publishers. Tr -C7 ii' Major Murf in Here on Leave Maj. Maurice D. Murfin is here on a 30-day leave with his wife, the former Rosemary Boyle, who lives with their three-year-old son, Bary Dean, in the home of his mother.

Mrs. W. D. Murfin of 312 South Mc-Clellan avenue. Major Murfin spent 18 months overseas as the commanding offi of a medical clearing company of the Third army and participated in most of the battles of the European war.

He received a Bronze Star for service in France and Luxembourg last February. He entered service March, 1941, and was formerly in the offices of his father, the late Dr. W. D. Mur fin in Decatur.

Following the ces sation of hostilities, he was located in Munich, Germany, with a unit which supervised and controlled the German military hospitals in a large section of Bavaria. The former Decatur doctor ex pects to be reassigned to the Pa cific theater. He returned from Europe by plane. Pvt. Richard Montague Pvt Richard Montague, 18.

son of Mr. and Mrs. James Montague, route 7, has just completed train ing at Camp Wheeler, and is now home for a 10-day furlough. He will report back to Alabama, when his leave expires, for further training. He entered service last March.

He has a brother, James Clifford Montague, who left Aug. 8, for the navy. William Torry Seaman Second Class William O. Torry, son of Mr. and Mrs.

A. R. Torry, 1637 North Monroe street, has sent his parents a clipping from his ship's paper telling of the recent shorts ban in Decatur. Seaman Torry entered training at Great Lakes naval training station last March and received fur ther training at Shoemaker, Calif. He left the states in May and is in the Pacific area.

A farmer student at Decatur high school, he was a Herald and Review carrier boy and was employed at the Hipsher Service station before entering service. Pfc. Lawrence Johns Pfc. Lawrence E. Johns, a former resident of Decatur but now of Chicago, has recently returned from service with the 103d general hos pital unit stationed at a southern England base.

Accompanied by his wife, Jane, he is spending part of his redeployment furlough with his mother, Mrs. O. Johnson, and his sister Mrs. John Borah of 1659 Riverside avenue. With the completion of his fur lough he returns to Camp Grant for further training and redistribu tion to one of the southern states for transfer to the Pacific theater.

Woman Falls to Death From 14th Floor Room Chicago, Aug. 11 (AP) A woman who registered at the Palmer House at midnight last night as Marion Davis of 105 Elm New Douglas, I1L (Madison county), fell to her death from her fourteenth floor room today. Her body struck "a court roof on the sixth floor level. No notes were found in her room. Police said she appeared to be about 40 years old.

She paid in advance for the room. French Villagers Locate Hero Family of Flier Who Missed Town Honored Chicago. Aug. 11 (AP) The grateful inhabitants of a little French village estaonsnea contact today with the family of an American flier who courage ously maneuvered his plane in an- 1 v. other direction anu ucmu er than crash into the village.

Robert Mercier of Paris, asked to deliver a letter from the mayor of the village of Gasny, on the banks of the Seine.reached Mae Dian. sister of Lt. William Dian, 22. of suburban Cicero. AAF pilot who died in a crash near the village Aug.

18. 1944. The letter said that Licuienani nian and two otner puois ci straffing German anti-aircraft po sitions along the river wutu Dian's plane caught fire. Supreme Courage Tn timreme effort of cour age, energy and presence of mind, he succeeded in raising his plane with the evident intention of landing on a nearby plain," the letter states. "We felt tnis man was trying at any price to avoid crashing into the town.

A machinegun's chattering fire iorceo nm. nhan direction, ana me finally crashed in the woods." The mavor said tnai naa umu crashed into the village he could have saved his life, but may have killed villagers and damaged houses. Villagers were forced to wait a day to retrieve Lieutenant Dian's body, the mayor saia, oeidajc of German snipers. auixne town Since V-E day, the army has discharged approximately four hundred thousand, including high point men, or monthly average of about 135,000..